We have found the Cordyceps sinensis extracts (CSE) significantly reduced focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury. Cerebral ischemic injury can induce the pathological pathway of DAPK1-NMDAR and cause inflammatory reaction, which will lead to the death of never cells. However, researches showed that phytoestrogens has inhibitory effect on this injury. GPR30 played fast non genomic effects through combining with phytoestrogens and mediating the second messenger, further inhibited the phosphorylation of DAPK1. As a result, we hypothesize that it is isoflavone in Cordyceps sinensis (CSIF) which has estrogenic activity plays a vital role in the treatment of ischemic brain injury. It can inhibit the pathological pathway of DAPK1-NMDAR through combining with GPR30. Then, never cells will be protected from dying and ischemic brain injury will be cured. All of these are our hypothesis.

Background: High school adolescents are assumed to be exposed to many risky sexual behaviors. However, little has been explored about the magnitude of risky behavior and its predictors’ in the context of high school adolescents in Ethiopia. Hence, we conducted this study to determine prevalence of risky sexual behavior, substance abuse and the predictors of risky sexual behavior in High school adolescents of Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was employed in sampled high school students. The data was presented using frequency distribution, percentages and logistic regression to determine the predictor of risky sexual behavior. Results: A total of 577 sampled high school students aged M(SD) 17(1.75) were involved in the study of which 53% were males. Prevalence of current alcohol use, Chat, cigarette and marijuana were respectively 11.5 % 5%, 2.8%, and 0.5%. About 24% of the study participants had ever had sexual encounter and 20% of the total study populations were involved risky sexual behavior in the previous month. Alcohol use AOR 95% CI: 12.0(5.26-27.4) and Khat chewing AOR 95% CI: 3.29(1.28-8.45) were predictors of involving in risky sexual behavior. Conclusion: Alcohol use and Khat chewing were the predictors of risky sexual behavior in this study. We recommend the implementation of awareness campaigns, integrated interventions on sexual behavior and substance abuse prevention programmes for high school adolescents in Ethiopia to reduce risky sexual behavior.

Biomolecular interaction is a universal component and of key importance to most biological processes, which plays a pivotal role in pharmacology. In recent years, the landscape of biomolecular interaction significantly expanded due to advances in a number of ingenious biochemical and biophysical technologies. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is a naturally occurred physical phenomenon, and has been engineered to monitor direct molecular interactions, due to its stringent distance requirement (= 10 nm) to allow efficient energy transfer. However, the weak signal and broad spectrum of conventional BRET donor significantly hindered its application. Recently, a surge of the development of novel luciferase, NanoLuc®, as BRET donor brings a new wave of exploring various molecular interactions. Herein, we provide a review of the recent advances of NanoLuc-based BRET technologies in studying biomolecular interactions, particularly in pharmacological applications.